Indian Art in the Mughal Era Free Essays

Accounting Sustainability and Reporting.

Question: Talk about the Accounting Sustainability and Reporting. Answer: Presentation Maintainability alludes to finding some kind of harmony between present needs and the future needs and as needs be settling on out a choice for utilization of the assets. With regards to improvement or utilization of assets, the maintainability implies expending assets capably by contemplating the future needs (Schaltegger, Bennett, Burritt, 2006). The business associations devour scant ecological asset, not many of which are hard to be reestablished. Along these lines, these associations ought to expect an awareness of other's expectations to utilize the scant ecological assets in a viable and effective way. The controllers around the globe are currently being effectively occupied with encircling the guidelines and guidelines to accomplish supportability in the turns of events. Significant strides at the worldwide level are being taken to improve the economical business advancements. In such manner, one of the significant advances taken by the controllers is convincing the business associations to receive manageability bookkeeping and revealing practices (Schaltegger, Bennett, Burritt, 2006). Manageability bookkeeping and announcing rehearses are coordinated to report the means taken by the organizations towards maintainability issues. The organizations have been commanded by the administration guidelines to contribute towards nature and society for advancing manageability (Brockett Rezaee, 2012). The idea of corporate social duty rose which requires the organizations to contribute towards the advancement of society and the earth. The supportability bookkeeping is a wide idea that accommodate adjusting the manageability activities to the authoritative procedures. Manageability bookkeeping includes covering the maintainability activities, yet it additionally includes assessment of the dangers and dangers to nature and estimation of the companys execution from ecological point of view. The issues of maintainability are being considered at the worldwide level requiring the organizations to embrace these practices. The appropriation of manageable strategic policies is viewed as helpful not for a firm in particular yet for the general monetary condition at the worldwide level (Brockett Rezaee, 2012). The report introduced here is planned for investigating the noteworthiness of manageability bookkeeping and detailing rehearses in the general financial advancement of a nation. So as to accomplish this point, the report will address the accompanying targets: Looking at the necessities of manageability bookkeeping and revealing practices for the organizations and generally speaking economy. Analyzing the worth increments made to the enterprises by the supportability bookkeeping and revealing practices (Brockett Rezaee, 2012). Investigating the effect of appropriation of supportability bookkeeping and revealing practices on the general economy of a nation (Brockett Rezaee, 2012). This examination report covers a far reaching writing survey to accumulate the perspectives on existing written works on supportability bookkeeping and announcing. Further, the report takes on information examination on the topic of the exploration to discover real effect on the organizations and economy. In such manner, the report accurately depicts the philosophy used to gather and investigate the information. Further, a conversation taking the perspective on existing literary works and the discoveries of the information investigation has been done trailed by a brief end being drawn. Writing Review The writing survey segment of the whole research report is urgent. In this area, the specialist gets the information on existing literary works on the topic of research, which is important to comprehend the establishment of the examination (Jesson, 2011). Further, the audit of writing additionally supports up the certainty of the specialist by giving a solid establishment to information assortment and examination. The ebb and flow examine centers around maintainability bookkeeping and revealing, in this way, the survey of existing literary works centers around this point. So as to complete the survey of literary works fittingly, the whole topic has been bifurcated into various heads as talked about beneath. Explanations behind Evolution of Sustainability Reporting and Accounting Practices As indicated by Soderstrom (2013), customarily, the bookkeeping and announcing rehearses in the organizations could be seen as concentrating on imparting the budgetary data and operational information to the partners. Be that as it may, the way toward bookkeeping and announcing has experienced a serious change to remember the revealing for the supportability issues. Throughout the most recent two decades, an exceptional change in the methodologies of answering to the partners has been seen (Soderstrom, 2013). The administration guidelines made it obligatory for the companies to cover the corporate maintainability in their yearly reports. The starting point of supportability announcing can be followed in route back 1960s and 1970s; notwithstanding, the ubiquity was less. According to the study directed by one of the universes biggest bookkeeping firms, Earns Young, just 1% of the 500 fortune organizations were seen as covering the social and ecological supportability in the mid 1970s in the United States (Soderstrom, 2013). As indicated by Zu (2008), in the mid 1990s, triple main concern revealing was acquainted with advance manageability (Zu, 2008). The triple primary concern model of detailing was basically planned for adjusting the three critical parts of the business, for example, society, condition, and productivity. This model given that the business ought focus on the benefits, yet equivalent accentuation ought to likewise be given to the social and ecological angles. Further, the triple primary concern announcing model additionally asserts that the productivity of the organization consequently increments when appropriate harmony between the requirements of investors, society, and the earth is kept up. This model incredibly accentuated the job of society and condition in building the organizations business and upgrading the organizations esteem over the long haul (Zu, 2008). Further, in the year 1997, the Global Reporting Initiative, a non-benefit association was established, which given to rules with respect to supportability bookkeeping and revealing by the organizations (GRI, 2008). It was the expanded requirement for supportability that laid the foundation of Global Reporting Initiative in the last 1990s. As indicated by Gupta Mason (2014), the Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) gives detailing systems which help the partnerships in consenting to the lawful revealing necessities with respect to manageability. Worldwide Reporting Initiatives (GRI) has given G3 rules which spread three center territories of manageability, for example, monetary, social, and condition. Gupta Mason (2014), further express that revealing under the G3 rules enables the organizations to improve straightforwardness and generosity in the market which at last influences the value of the organization emphatically (Gupta Mason, 2014). As indicated by Daizy Das (2014), Sustainability detailing has become some portion of the vital dynamic in the organizations. Both, the board just as different partners, for example, investors, society, and the legislature are profited in a few or other manner by the supportability detailing rehearses. The essential explanation behind supportability announcing is to guarantee that the endeavors made by the enterprises towards manageability are estimated and imparted to the partners (Daizy Das, 2014). Further, in the perspectives on Daizy Das (2014), the organizations can improve their operational effectiveness and guarantee development in the investors esteem over the long haul by actualizing and keeping up the supportability revealing practices. In this way, aside from being an administrative necessity, the manageability revealing is additionally critical for the drawn out development (Daizy Das, 2014). Further, manageability revealing helps the administration in examining the non money related factors and discovering effect of those variables on the organizations benefit. In the current situation, it has been extremely relevant to quantify and assess the effect of non money related factors, for example, society and condition on the monetary exhibition of the firm (Daizy Das, 2014). It is obligatory for the organizations to ceaselessly contribute towards the social and natural manageability and evaluate its effect on the organizations money related execution. This appraisal can be completed with the assistance of organized information which is set up through the manageability bookkeeping and revealing practices. In this manner, supportability bookkeeping and revealing assumes a pivotal job in investigation and dynamic, regardless of whether it is being finished by the administration for inner purposes or by the investors (Daizy Das, 2014). Selection of Sustainability Reporting and Accounting Practices by the Corporations The manageability announcing has become an integral part of money related detailing for the vast majority of the organizations in the 21st century (CPA, 2013). The selection of manageability revealing has been advanced in light of the fact that controllers made is compulsory, yet increasingly because of its suffering focal points. The supportability revealing gives advantages to all kind of organizations and specifically the enormous companies are profited as upgraded investors certainty, improved altruism in the market, and improved operational proficiency. Further, there are numerous other roundabout points of interest of receiving the maintainability detailing rehearses, for instance, investment funds in asset utilization, cost decrease, squander decrease, and improved relationship with administrative bodies (CPA, 2013). According to Faisal, Tower, Rusmin (2012), around 250 organizations from everywhere throughout the world have embraced the corporate supportability announcing rehearses and giving a different report on the social and natural activities (Faisal, Tower, Rusmin, 2012). The huge enterprises and dad

Drawing The Color Line Essay Paper Example For Students

Drawing The Color Line Essay Paper The creator Howard Zion reveals to us how the Americans were straightforward inclined to having slaves in view of the conditions they looked in the mid 1 seventh century. It was a time of starvation Howard Zion reveals to us that the Virginians of 1619 were urgent for work, to develop food to remain alive. Among these individuals were likewise the overcomers of the 1609-1610 the destitute time. This was a timeframe were the pioneer were edgy for food and would do anything for instance they uncovered graves to eat the bodies, Another episodes was the point at which a man slew his significant other and charming her onto numerous pieces and Ted upon her till he had eaten everything except for her head. This was caused in light of the fact that a significant number of the pioneers werent used to working and didnt even ability. They didnt need to work, there was a period were john smith needed to constrain the pioneer to work in the fields just to have the option to endure. The requirement for work drove the pioneer to accept that Black slaves were the appropriate response , it was normal to consider imported dark slaves on the grounds that by 1619 a million slaves had just been brought from Africa to South America. They were restricted roar deck all together, with no space by any means. They werent even ready to go to the side. The smell on the boat was horrendous. It was awful to the point that the slaves escaped to suffocate. The slaves would be held in confines and would be binded together _ Blacks slaves were the appropriate response since they couldnt get the Indians to work for them. They couldn't keep them oppressed on the grounds that they were extreme, creative, rebellious, and at home in their own territory. While the dark slaves had been torn from their way of life and their property. In addition to the fact that they were constrained into a circumstance where everything was unique, however they were torn from their families. They looniest even had a framework that was both Psychological and Physical to attempt to teach the slaves. The slaves once in a while submitted readily. The dark slaves opposed and attempted to flee they wouldnt surrender. Despite the fact that there was laws in attempting to prevent the blacks from fleeing, they despite everything fled. There were laws made that if anybody somehow happened to discover dark slave they ought to do to them what they feel be fitting, Man slaves were killed or copied in the book there was a case were a dark slave was copied in a moderate fire for 8-10 hours. Now and again both white and dark slaves ran way together yet the enmeshment wouldnt be a similar white would just stretch out there period to filling in as slaves and the dark balms were hanged or murdered. And still, at the end of the day they could see prejudice how the whites that carried out a similar wrongdoing would get treated distinctively then the dark slaves. The dark balms couldnt do anything other than being slaves, so suspected the white individuals. Indeed, even the white hirelings were dealt with various, in addition to the fact that they were working for a set timeframe, however they were treated as people and they had rights, and would get land and pay toward the finish Of their term. The White individuals supported their own slave exchange in light of the fact that in Africa bondage existed as well. This was not a decent legitimization in light of the fact that a slave broker named John Newton expressed that the manner in which the slaves in Africa were dealt with much better and no man was permitted to draw blood no even from a slave. The pioneer were brutal to the dark slaves. Aha decrease of the captives to not exactly human status by the utilization of racial contempt, with the tireless clearness dependent on shading, where the white was experts and the dark was slave. Indeed, even back in the mid seventeenth century we saw prejudice. Another model was that the shading dark as indicated by the Oxford English .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f , .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f .postImageUrl , .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f , .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f:hover , .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f:visited , .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f:active { border:0!important; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f:active , .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f:hover { darkness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content adornment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u45be437b 0d2d896b654e95452338081f .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u45be437b0d2d896b654e95452338081f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Legend of Van Gogh: Are there a few van Goghs? EssayDictionary it implied Deeply recolored with earth; grimy, messy, foul. Having dull or destructive purposes, threatening; relating to or including passing, lethal. Risk to discipline, and so on , and the white was frequently used to portray excellence. Additionally that the best tear was that the white workers would join the dark hirelings to topple existing request, This all returns to the start of the book and the inquiry that the writer Howard Zion pose to How can it start? , How may it end? what's more, Is it workable for whites and blacks to live respectively with out contempt?

Functional Analysis of Capsim Business Simulation Essay

Useful Analysis of Capsim Business Simulation - Essay Example Moreover, the paper examinations how every one of the utilitarian unit coordinates and cooperates with other useful units. At long last, the paper gives my proposals to a business head in dealing with a $40 million assembling business. The reproduction gives an uncommon possibility in encountering how dealing with a full business while using the advantages of reports helps in demonstrating the relationships existing between the results in a business and the administration choices (Forgang, 2004). The units of the reenactment incorporate creation, showcasing, fund, explore and advancement (R&D), Human assets and (TQM) absolute characteristics the executives (Bossche, Gijselaer and Milter, 2011). Creation includes the practices that organizations display at the commercial centers concerning the making of merchandise alongside administrations. This is for the most part accomplished to fulfill their shopper needs (Dusseau and Wilson, 2010). The creation chiefs associated with a busin ess ought to take part in fathoming the connections that exist between the business stock levels and their conveying costs alongside their pieces of the pie (Dusseau and Wilson, 2010). They ought to likewise comprehend the relationship existing between their creation limits and the quantity of overabundance hours that their representatives need to work to accomplish their objectives (Sitomer, 2010). This is on the grounds that a business may wind up acquiring misfortunes in their tasks when their costs in providing food for the additional time hours worked and the expense of this work surpasses their income (Clawson and Haskins, 2006). The creation chiefs in a business will be answerable for delivering advantageous outcomes through their endeavors of robotizing the creation forms and expanding their assembling limits (Forgang, 2004). Promoting, in an assembling situation, alludes to the procedures through which organizations enjoy making an incentive for their clients while simultan eously constructing solid associations with them (Wankel, Arthur and Stoner, 2009). It additionally includes making arrangements alongside connections that will either be of long or momentary advantage to the business (Dusseau and Wilson, 2010). The advertising chief in a business will be liable for fathoming the relationship that exists between their edges on costs alongside commitments and costs alongside request (Forgang, 2004). They will likewise be liable for understanding the connections existing between the advancements of their financial plan alongside expanding mindfulness for the business items. The advertising director and his group ought to be accused of the errand of setting up the business deals spending plan and openness to these assets (Sitomer, 2010). The promoting division in a business might be influenced by the new items that are being propelled by the exploration and improvement offices since they had not been represented in their activities and are obscure in t he market (Wankel, Arthur and Stoner, 2009). The exercises of these divisions can likewise be influenced by a business’s creation limit alongside the costs it causes in its activities (Dusseau and Wilson, 2010). Funds in a business are utilized as measures for finding out whether a business is making benefits on its speculations or not. Funds in a business are principally influenced by their time esteems since they change on an everyday premise (Sitomer, 2010). Organizations apportion their cash and advantages for specific uses however under states of vulnerability or sureness (Bossche, Gijselaer

8 Lesson Plans to Promote Lifelong Learning - Focus

8 Lesson Plans to Promote Lifelong Learning - Focus A little while ago, the European Parliament recommended a list of 8 key competencies which they believe all educational institutions should provide their students with, to promote lifelong learning. These key competencies consist of knowledge, skills, and attitudes which are central to the development of well-rounded children, young people and eventually adults. It’s hoped that taking a cross-curricular approach, known as phenomenon-based learning, will support the development of a cohesive and engaged society, made up of active and knowledgeable citizens. It’s a big aim, but across the world, education specialists are getting on board with this approach to lifelong learning. Promoting Lifelong Learning in  8 Lesson Ideas Finland isn’t the first country to recognize the value of ‘lifelong learning’ but  Finland is the first country to base their teaching curriculum around the eight key competencies. Instead of focusing on classic academic subjects, like History or English, Finnish schools will now structure lessons around broader, cross-cutting and interdisciplinary “topics”. Speaking on why Finland decided to make this shift towards lifelong learning, Pasi Sahlberg, Visiting Professor at the Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, said: “educators in Finland think, quite correctly, that schools should teach what young people need in their lives…What Finnish youth need more than before are more integrated knowledge and skills about real world issues” As Professor Sahlberg explains, the key competencies don’t focus on knowledge acquisition and test score results, but on developing skills for longer term learning, with an emphasis on social and emotional development. So there’s a run down of the theories behind the key lifelong learning competencies. For teachers looking to put these theories into practice, here are the eight key competences with an accompanying lesson idea for each.  This way, you’re able to take this teaching directly to your classroom, using mind mapping: 1.  Communication in the mother tongue Communication skills are hugely important in enabling children and young people to both express themselves and develop positive relationships. They’re also important for employability.    A  UK study found that 98% of business leaders think communication and teamwork skills are necessary for people entering the workplace.  However, only 32% believe that schools are doing enough to equip pupils with these lifelong learning skills. This competence covers written and reading comprehension too. It’s been found that mind mapping offers a more natural way for the brain to absorb and comprehend information, in comparison to linear text. To  develop the language skills of students, try using this reading comprehension template map with students. This mind map will help to break down the different aspects of a book you’re studying. You could create a similar mind map collaboratively in class, to develop your students’ spoken communication skills too. To use any template mind maps within this article, simply sign into MindMeister (or sign up free) and maximize the map via the ‘map actions’ icon. Once maximized, click again on the ‘map actions’ icon and choose to clone the map. From there, you can edit or embellish the topics to make the map suitable for your classrooms age and stage. 2.  Communication in foreign languages As explained previously in the MindMeister series, How to Learn A Second Language with Mind Maps Part 1 and Part 2, mind mapping is the ideal way to develop proficiency in a foreign language. By presenting information in a visual way, mind mapping has been found to improve memory retention. As a result, mind mapping makes the lifelong learning skill of acquiring a second language easier, faster and more fun. For your next language lesson, set your students the task of creating a mind map on learning conversational vocab at their level. Ask them to create a topic for each key category such as food, clothing, directions, shopping etc. and try including visual cues that students can then associate with the new words. Acquiring foreign languages will hopefully be something your students will go on to do throughout their lifetime. By providing them with the skills to learn foreign vocab now, youll subsequently provide them with a lifelong learning skill, which they can go on to utilize in both the workplace and for holidays abroad. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit German Food Vocabulary on MindMeister. Introduce mind mapping in your classroom! Get started with MindMeister Its free! Get started with MindMeister 3. Mathematical competence and basic competences in science and technology Science and maths can be unfairly branded by students as boring subjects. However, it’s really important that students leave school with at least a basic level of arithmetic to navigate everyday situations. Similarly, students must develop the lifelong learning skill to analyze studies and methodologies. With the breadth of inaccurate news available online, its essential that students are able to critically assess whether information is neutral and well-grounded. If you’re trying to make science and maths seem more fun, try asking students to create their next lab report and methodology study via a mind map. You could provide them with the template below or ask them to create their own from scratch. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Lab Report on MindMeister. 4. Digital competence The development of technology and access to the internet has brought huge opportunities to our children and young people but has also brought threats. As a result, this competency is not only about developing the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills of students. Its also about providing them with the skills and knowledge to be responsible and critical internet users. By utilizing mind mapping as a digital learning tool, you will develop your students’ understanding and abilities in ICT. This will enable students to not only create mind maps  but to learn to collaborate with class mates on their maps and create engaging presentations. In order to develop your students’ understanding of how to use the internet critically and responsibly, try using ChildNet’s free online safety teaching resources. Ask students to create a collaborative mind map on the projector focusing on one of the topics mentioned. For example, they could present on how we should think carefully about what we share publicly over social media channels. Subsequently, this lifelong learning competence should help to keep your students safe  while navigating the online world. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Staying Safe on Social Media on MindMeister. 5. Learning to learn As Jesse Berg, visual learning specialist, recently explained in his article on differentiated learning, mind mapping provides a universal thinking strategy which enables students to organize ideas and can be applied to just about any topic. By laying out text, concepts, themes and connections in a visual and colorful way, mind mappers utilize their visual, spatial and kinesthetic senses. Jesse Berg found this makes learning easier to understand and information easier retain. By teaching your students how to mind map you can support this lifelong learning competence. Mind mapping provides your students with a fun, easy and memorable method which will help to instill a love of learning in your students. One lesson idea for developing this competence is  to ask students to create a mind map on study skills in class. Ask students to insert a YouTube video on study skills at the center of their mind map. This can be done via the video insert feature on the MindMeister sidebar. Students can then press play on the video in the center and create topic branches based on the content of the video as it plays,  ultimately creating a useful study resource. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit The 9 Best Scientific Study Tips on MindMeister. 6.  Social and civil competencies These competencies refer to an understanding of key structures and values such as democracy, justice, equality, citizenship and civil rights. The competencies aim to develop the personal, interpersonal and intercultural abilities of students, providing them with the lifelong learning skills to be active and ethical citizens. For this type of highly personal learning, which could bring up family stories and vary depending on socio-economic situations and beliefs, it’s important that you first create a safe learning environment. The aim is to create a classroom environment where students will listen to one another and know only to disclose personal information and worries when appropriate. In this case, directly to the teacher rather than in front of the whole class. It’s also important to ensure your teaching begins at your students’ level, in terms of prior knowledge. To begin a class focusing on this competence, create a mind map on the projector based on the topic you’re looking to cover. Then, invite students to add details on what they know about the topic so far. You could make each topic on the map a question you’re looking to establish their current understanding on, then ask pupils to contribute what they already know or believe. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Human Rights on MindMeister. 7.  Sense of initiative and entrepreneurship A sense of initiative and entrepreneurship will assist your students in becoming creative, proactive and well-organised young people. This competence should also provide the lifelong learning skills to succeed in the workplace. Try setting your students an entrepreneurial task where they work in small teams to come up with a product. The product should cost less than $5 per item to produce, but students should feel they could either make a profit or support a social cause. Ask them to create a mind map and share it with their whole team, so everyone can contribute to the map. The map should include their research, justifying why the product would have a Unique Selling Point. It could also include details of how they plan to produce and market the product. The groups can then take it in turns to present or ‘pitch’ their idea to the rest of the class. Your students could use MindMeister to  vote on which product they believe to be the best idea. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit The Big Idea on MindMeister. 8. Cultural awareness and expression Creativity and cultural awareness go hand in hand. In order for students to appreciate the value and enjoyment of music, performing arts, literature and visual arts, why not encourage your students to learn about these exciting topics in a creative way. Organize a school trip to a local cultural event, such as an age-appropriate film festival or a Shakespeare theater performance. Ask students to write down their thoughts and reflections for homework. When back in class, ask your students to create a mind map, detailing their opinions on the performance. These could include cast members, character relationships, key themes and perhaps notes on the accompanying music, in order to form the basis of a newspaper review. Ask them to then export the mind map, to convert it into a word document and finalize their review with a headline, subheading and a 1 to 5-star rating. To export a map, simply open the map and click on the bottom right-hand cloud icon. You can then choose the format you would like to export the map in, for example as a Word document, shown below. The below Word document was exported directly from this mind map review  of  Othello, directed by Iqbal Khan. So those are our suggestions on how to bring the eight key competencies for promoting lifelong learning, known as phenomenon-based learning, straight to your classroom. As always, if you have any ideas, questions or comments, please do share them with us in the comments below! Try online mind mapping in your classroom MindMeister for Education From $1 per student! MindMeister for Education If you enjoyed this article you might also like 5 Ways to Apply Project Management Ideas in Your School

Problems With New PSAT Part 2 Score Discrepancies

[Part 2: Score Discrepancies  is the second  of a three part report on the new PSAT.   See Overview,  Part 1: Percentile Inflation,  and Part 3: Lowered Benchmark.  The entire report can also be  downloaded or distributed as a PDF.] Part 2 : Score Discrepancies An historically narrow gap between sophomore and junior performance  does not seem credible and leads to questions about how scoring, scaling, and weighting were performed and reported. Sophomore Versus Junior Score Discrepancies Call Scoring Methodologies into Question Percentile inflation caused by redefinition and re-norming creates unfortunate misinterpretations, but the sources of the change can be readily identified; previous percentile tables can be restated  based on the new definition; the difference between Nationally Representative percentiles and User percentiles can be compared to gauge the difference added there. However,  without further information from College Board it is impossible to know the accuracy of  the 11th and 10th grade percentiles. Our  analysis shows that there are significant problems in the way the numbers are being presented that mask the very thing  the new test was meant to reveal — college readiness and academic progress.   If score results between grades are suspect, it leads to questions about the pilot studies that were  performed and how they inform the scoring for the PSAT and SAT. Expected Versus Observed Score Differences Between Grades Historically, juniors have outperformed sophomores on the PSAT/NMSQT by approximately 5 points per section [see table below]. Translated into SAT scores, the differences between 10th and 11th graders  in 2014 were 48 points, 47 points, and 51 points in Critical Reading, Writing, and Math, respectively. On the new PSAT, however, the reported difference is only 12 points on  Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) and 19 points in Math.  The average difference in 2014 is more than 3 times that seen in 2015. The 2014 grade differences were in line with those seen over the last decade, so they were  not anomalous. The old and new PSAT are different tests, but student growth tends to show up similarly even on different college admission exams. Are Low Score Discrepancies  Due to Differing Testing Populations? Not all sophomores and juniors take the PSAT. Some take the PSAT as mandatory testing; some take the PSAT in order to qualify for National Merit; some take the ACT Aspire instead of the PSAT. If College Boards calculation of a nationally representative sample is correct, though, this years grade differences should be immune from differences in test-taker demographics. Previous PSATs lacked a nationally representative sample, so sophomore to junior comparisons may be distorted by test-taker patterns. A way of removing potential distortion is to look at the results only for repeat testers students who took the test in both school years. College Board has done research on the typical score change  on the old PSAT by analyzing only students who  took the test  as sophomores and repeated the test  as juniors [see table below].  The average increase, expressed in SAT points, was 33 points in Critical Reading, 33 points in  Writing, and 40 points in Math. The figures are still twice what is being shown on PSAT reports as the 10th grade to 11th grade  score differential. Do Content Differences Between Old and New PSATs Provide an Explanation? A remaining  problem is that  the old PSAT is not the new PSAT.   Although the new and old tests cover roughly the same score range and do not have radically different means or standard deviations, we cannot be certain that year-over-year growth is identical. A third set of data is College Board’s own estimates of growth. Below are the College and Career Readiness Benchmarks. College Board assumes that students improve at roughly 30 points from sophomore year PSAT to junior year PSAT and another 20 points from junior year PSAT to SAT. The PSAT figures — which  themselves seem conservative  Ã¢â‚¬â€ are still twice that shown in the 2015 student data. Percentile Data for Sophomores and Juniors May  Prove the Existence of Errors in Presentation, Computation, or Norming The low observed  score differences between 10th and 11th graders do not fit into a historical pattern, match studies of repeat testers, or align with assumed College Board benchmark progress. As improbable as the small point discrepancy is, though,  it  seems impossible to go one step further and state  that sophomores outperform juniors. But this is exactly what the published  percentile tables show [below]. As you move up the scale, the difference between 10th and 11th graders disappears and then turns in favor of the younger students. Read literally, the score tables say that more sophomores than juniors achieved top scores on the PSAT/NMSQT. There have always been talented sophomores who score highly on the PSAT, but as a group, these students should not do better on the PSAT in 10th grade than they do in the 11th. These figures are for the Nationally Representative  groups, so cannot be explained away by saying that the test-taking populations are different. There is  no logical  statistical or content explanation as to how sophomores could actually perform better than juniors. In fact, we should be seeing scores 30-50 points higher per section for juniors.  The most likely explanation  is that the surveying and weighting methods used for the PSAT did not properly measure the class year compositions. If we assume this to be the case, though, can we be assured that the studies did any better in measuring the intra-class composition? Will the SAT be immune from the same problems? Can Anything Explain the Low Sophomore/Junior  Score Differences and the Score Inversion? A suspect in the mix is the PSAT 10. Although the content of the PSAT 10 is identical to that of the PSAT/NMSQT, it is positioned as a way for schools to measure how students perform near the end of the sophomore year rather than toward the outset of the year. The PSAT 10 will first be offered between February 22 and March 4, 2016. It is a safe assumption that spring sophomores, adjusted for differences in the testing pool, will score higher than fall sophomores. If College Board statistically accounted for PSAT 10 takers in their figures, the scores for sophomores would be inflated. It seems academically inappropriate to lump PSAT/NMSQT and PSAT 10 scores into the same bucket. The tests are taken at different phases of a students high school progress. In fact, one  reason a PSAT 10 exists is because spring performance differs from fall performance. The only clue that College Board may have made such a combination is reproduced from its  Understanding Scores 2015. Highlighting has been added. Its likely that this reference is simply the result of a production error. The document never makes this reference  again in its 32 pages. In short, all figures likely measure October  performance for sophomores and juniors. This final attempt to explain the  anomalous supremacy of sophomores comes up short. Even had a PSAT 10  explanation proved successful, it would have raised more questions than it answered. Tables surrounding the PSAT are all marked as â€Å"Preliminary.† College Board has made  clear that final scaling for the redesigned SAT (and the PSAT is on the same scale) will not be completed until May 2016. Final concordance tables between old and new tests will replace any preliminary work. If the explanation of  the statistical anomalies is that the paint is not yet dry, it begs the question as to what 3 million students and their educators are to do with the scores they have been presented. The new PSAT reports are the most detailed that have ever existed. They have total scores, section scores, test scores, cross-test scores, sub-scores, Nationally Representative percentiles, User percentiles, SAT score projections, sophomore and junior year benchmarks, and more. Which parts of the reports are reliable and which parts remain under construction? Should educators simply push these reports aside and wait until next year? Should students make test-taking and college c hoice decisions based on these scores? [Continue to  Part 3: Lowered Benchmark]

Analyzing Problems in Sylvias Bar in Birmingham Free Essay Example, 1500 words

The customer s state that the restaurant is highly-priced and they would not mind paying high for the classy night outs with better quality services. The staffs revealed the fact that they are dissatisfied with the uniform that they are supposed to wear as it is quite formal and makes them feel like working at church. Among all the issues that have been listed above, it can be deciphered that the issues of cost and menu are observed to be the crucial problems which need due attention, otherwise, it may badly affect the profitability of the company. It is because of the fact that the company targets high-class customers the prices of the drinks as well as food items have been high. However, given the declining profits and sales of the company, it is significant for it to identify if other class of people or income group can be targeted as well. If the company is targeting the middle-income group people then in such circumstances, it becomes vital for Sylvia to reduce the price of the food items. It is because of the high price the company s owner, the staffs, as well as the potential customers of the company, are facing tremendous problems. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyzing Problems in Sylvias Bar in Birmingham or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Alcohol Abuse Is The Most Common Addictive Behavior

Alcohol abuse is the most common addictive behavior that is brewing amongst teens and adults. It is widely concerning and threatening to one’s family and social life. Many have tried to guest and speculate that alcohol abuse is due to many factors that include genetics, social, mental and emotional, and even how people around you raised you. Many also have speculated that people that we associates with that are alcoholics can be a factor also. It can be family and friends, schoolmates, and colleagues. Some also say that it can be due to emotional and psychological disorders such as depression, bipolar, or anxiety are factors of someone to drive to drinking to forget problems and to feel that disconnect from the disorders. Whatever the†¦show more content†¦Some facilities have different types of programs that require having to have different phases. For the most part of any treatment program that works includes Alcoholics Anonymous and the12 step program. â€Å"In th e late 1940’s Alcoholics Anonymous had taken root as the nation’s most popular remedy for excess drinking.† (Glaser, 2013) Alcoholic Anonymous and the 12 step programs have proven that it is effective since 1940’s and it is not costly. AA has meetings during the day and evening and everywhere. AA are individuals that gather around to talk about anything without having to fear that someone is going to report them to the police, courts, etc. AA also deals with other issues besides having alcohol abuse problems. AA has people that you can relate to who is going through the same abuse. Another treatment program that is effective to some is the outpatient and inpatient rehabilitation. Outpatient program is a treatment program that the patient is treated during the day and goes home at night. The outpatient program consists of counseling, group and individual sessions, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Cognitive Behavioral therapy is a therapy that helps patien t how to deal with and elude situations that can result in abuse such as alcohol and drugs. Counseling not only helps the patient deal with traumatizing events while in treatment, but the families and spouses as well. Outpatient program can provide therapy and

ACC 291 Week 5 Discussion Questions and Responses Essay

ACC 291 Week 5 Discussion Questions and Responses www.paperscholar.com DIRECT LINK TO THIS STUDY GUIDE: http://www.paperscholar.com/acc-291-week-5-discussion-questions-and-responses/ Instantly Download! Get Better Grades in Less Time! 100% Satisfaction Guarantee DESCRIPTION FOR THIS STUDY GUIDE: Week 5: DQ 1: Why are companies required to prepare a statement of cash flows? What are the three sections of the statement of cash flows and what does each section tell you about the operations of a company? DQ 2: Class, the statement of cash flows is the only required financial statement that is not prepared from an adjusted trial balance. What are the sources of information for preparing a statement of cash flows? Explain how†¦show more content†¦ACC 291 Week 5 Discussion Questions and Responses www.paperscholar.com DIRECT LINK TO THIS STUDY GUIDE: http://www.paperscholar.com/acc-291-week-5-discussion-questions-and-responses/ Instantly Download! Get Better Grades in Less Time! 100% Satisfaction Guarantee DESCRIPTION FOR THIS STUDY GUIDE: Week 5: DQ 1: Why are companies required to prepare a statement of cash flows? What are the three sections of the statement of cash flows and what does each section tell you about the operations of a company? DQ 2: Class, the statement of cash flows is the only required financial statement that is not prepared from an adjusted trial balance. What are the sources of information for preparing a statement of cash flows? Explain how the accrual basis of accounting affects the statement of cash flows. DQ3: Horizontal and vertical analyses are analytical tools frequently used to analyze financial statements. What type of information or insights can be obtained by using these two techniques? Explain how the output of horizontal analysis and vertical analysis can be compared to industry averages and/or competitive companies. DQ4: Now that we are nearing the end of this class, tell me what did you find the most and least interesting in this class (this could be subject matter or particular assignments, how the class was facilitated or anything else related to theShow MoreRelatedSupporting the Development of English Literacy in English Language Learners22851 Words   |  92 PagesINTRODUCTION Immigration has brought about significant changes in the U.S. student population. In particular, the number and percentage of immigrants in schools have increased dramatically since 1970. From 1970 to 1995, the number of immigrant children, ages 5 to 20, living in the United States more than doubled, from 3.5 to 8.6 million. As the number grew, immigrant children represented a larger percentage of students in U.S. schools, increasing from 6% in 1970 to 16% in 1995 and 19% in 1997 (Ruiz de VelascoRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesidentiï ¬ ed in the case. There are also over 33 classic cases on the Companion Website. These are a selection of cases from recent editions of the book which remain relevant for teaching. The case studies are intended to serve as a basis for class discussion and not as an illustration of either good or bad management practice. They are not intended to be a comprehensive collection of teaching material. They have bee n chosen (or speciï ¬ cally written) to provide readers with a core of cases which, togetherRead MoreInternational Financial Accounting155754 Words   |  624 Pagestest your knowledge of what you ve studied in quick quizzes We examine your understanding in our exam question bank We reference all the important topics in our full index T E X T BPP s i-Learn and i-Pass products also support this paper. 2457 FOR EXAMS IN DECEMBER 2009 AND JUNE 2010 www.ebooks2000.blogspot.com First edition 2007 Third edition June 2009 ISBN 9780 7517 6364 5 (Previous ISBN 9870 7517 4723 2) British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record forRead MoreIncome Taxation Solutions Manual 1 300300 Words   |  1202 Pagescorporation with a value equal to $1,140,000 plus the value of the other assets substituted for the property transferred out. While certain steps could be taken to perhaps alleviate this problem, they are rather complex and beyond the scope of this question (see section 55). However, by tracing the process of moving out the land and building, the student will see the roadblocks that appear. A much simpler approach is to transfer the business assets (inventory, equipment and goodwill) to a separate entity

The Crime Of Organized Crime - 1649 Words

When I hear the term organized crime, I associate it with â€Å"The Mafia†, â€Å"Scarface†, and â€Å"Cartels†. Organized crime can be defined in a variety of ways. It is an ongoing criminal enterprise that is wisely working to generate profit engaging in illegal activities depending on demand, where its presence is preserve through force, intimidations, and corruption. According to the FBI, organized crime is basically a group of transnational, national, or local alliances of highly centralized enterprises run by crooks who make illicit profit or money through illegal and often violent activities (Abadinsky, 1981, p. 2). The Task Force on Organized crime states that, â€Å"the core of organized crime activity is the supplying of illegal goods and services-gambling, loan- sharking, narcotics and other forms of vice- to countless numbers of citizen customers† (Abadinsky, 1981, p. 267). 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Impact Of The Latest Advances In Technology On Recruitment And Selection Free Essays

string(93) " software that truncates and exclude the totality of content \(Lievens Harris 2003\)\." ABSTRACT In the face of a new era of downsizing, garnering of qualified workforce remains a key organizational goal. A commonly held view among the human resource managers is that the human resources are the most important assets of an organization and that they offer the only non-imitative competitive edge. As the point of entry, the process of recruitment and selection of employees plays a crucial role in enhancing the success and survival of the organization in the extremely competitive and turbulent business environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact Of The Latest Advances In Technology On Recruitment And Selection or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper explores on how the latest advances in technology have impacted on the process of recruitment and selection of employees. Different aspects of the use of new technology will be examined including internet based recruitment, telephone and video conferencing, computer based testing and IVR or Automated telephone interviewing. This will include an overview of the potential advantages as well as challenges arising with the use of each wave of technology. INTRODUCTION In the face of a new era of downsizing, garnering of qualified workforce remains a key organizational goal (Bauer 2004). As the point of entry, the process of recruitment and selection of employees plays a crucial role in enhancing the success and survival of the organization in the extremely competitive and turbulent business environment. Traditionally, the recruitment and selection process relied on fairly low-tech methods such as employee referrals and newspaper ads, in locating and attracting qualified candidates (Lievens, et.al 2002). Successful job seeking included frequenting the local job center (Lievens, et.al 2002). This has however changed over the past few decades as a result of advances in technology. The recruitment process, just like all other business functions, has become increasingly tied to technology (Lievens, et.al 2002). The common practice of mailing applications and waiting to be called for an interview via a phone call has been trumped by technological advances which have eased communication. Technological advances such as internet-based recruitment and candidate assessment, computer-based testing, Interactive Voice Response (IVR), telephone and video-based interviews among other information technologies are now increasingly being used in recruiting and selecting qualified candidates (Chapman Webster 2003). In this paper, we examine how the latest advances in technology have impacted on the process of recruitment and selection of employees. The following sections will explore on these technological advances, in particular, how they are impacting on recruitment and selection process. This will include an overview of the potential advantages as well as challenges arising with the use of each wave of technology. We begin by exploring on internet based recruitment, which involves recruitment via the web. a. INTERNET BASED RECRUITMENT The most popular ways through which advances in technology have significantly impacted on recruitment and selection is through the internet. Organizations are increasingly making use of the internet technology, particularly the World Wide Web, as a platform for testing and recruiting potential candidates (Baron Austin, 2000). Social networking websites, software and online job boards has helped in linking applicants to hiring professionals with focus on knowledge, skills and abilities (Baron Austin, 2000). Social networking sites such as LinkedIn, CareerBuilder, monster.com and universe.jobs hold millions of jobs and resumes in their databases (Neil 2003). These professional networking sites play a significant role in the process of recruitment and selection. LinkedIn, for example, is used as a business-oriented social networking site whereby applicants are linked with the employers. LinkedIn is widely used globally as a professional network service and has currently 90 million users (Neil 2003). It is currently valued at over $2.51 billion USD and operates in more than 200 countries (Neil 2003). Advances in technology have indeed shaped the process of recruitment and selection. Online ads are now the lead recruitment methods employed by employers. Recruitment and selection via the web has enabled the employers to build a ‘talent pool’ of qualified candidates and lessen their reliance on conventional print media (Thompson et al., 2008). This has led to significant cost savings as employers lessen their reliance on recruitment agencies (Thompson et al., 2008). In this regard, Harris Dewar (2000) noted a significant reduction on the cost per-hire from $ 3,295 (for the conventional recruitment methods) to $377 (for internet based recruitment). There are many benefits arising with the use of internet based recruitment method as well challenges that it present to the organizations. It should be noted that internet based recruitment is not without its shortcomings, but the cons must be weighed against the pros in order to determine if this recruitment method is supported. BENEFITS OF INTERNET BASED RECRUITMENT The internet provides efficiency in the administration and scoring of test as the content can be easily modified and answers captured in electronic form (Van Hoye Lievens 2007). It also enables routine checking of errors, automatic scoring of tests and provides instant feedback to the applicants (Van Hoye Lievens 2007). This administrative ease enables recruiters to save on costs and time giving them a competitive hedge in the tight labour market. It also provides for increased flexibility for both the employer and applicants in the administration of tests and performance of work in varied geographical locations (Van Hoye Lievens 2007). Moreover, the widespread of information in a globalized market widens access to a diverse geographical labour pool (Lievens Harris 2003). Additionally, there is a greater transparency in the selection process as candidates are selected based on their skills, experience and competence (Lievens Harris 2003). CHALLENGES TO INTERNET BASED RECRUITMENT While it is apparent that online recruitment help cut on recruitment costs, increase efficiency and transparency in the selection process; there are some potentially major drawbacks. Due to the high number of applicants, screening and checking the authenticity and mapping of skills may be a time consuming exercise (Lievens Harris 2003). The large number of indistinguishable resumes from the various applicants coupled with inadequate software and procedures may lead to poor results in the selection of the ideal candidate (Lievens Harris 2003). This problem can largely be attributed to the existing methods for parsing resumes which is dependent on software that truncates and exclude the totality of content (Lievens Harris 2003). You read "Impact Of The Latest Advances In Technology On Recruitment And Selection" in category "Essay examples" Also, failure by the industry software to produce optimum candidate and position convergence may result in correspondingly low retention rates of the new employees hence costing client companies thousands of dollars (Lievens Harris 2003). Despite having automated assistance, managing the workload remains a daunting task for HR managers. While software has reduced on the number of resumes from the applicants, that would otherwise be manually reviewed, it has not been successful in narrowing candidate resume pools to the ideal qualified applicants (Harris Dewar 2000).It should be noted that most of the software employed in the process of recruitment and selection generally uses rudimentary lexical and semantic algorithms (Harris Dewar 2000). These algorithms tend to generate a large candidate pool with most candidates insufficiently suitable for effective use (Harris Dewar 2000). This is because the industry software lacks the ideal filtering capabilities necessary for the proper parsing of resume. Crucial data that could help in identifying the ideal candidate and position convergence is therefore lost. Without sufficient data, there is not enough variance that could be used in distinguishing among candidate and position suitability (Harris Dewar 2000). This next section will explore on interactive voice response (IVR) which is also known as automated telephone interviewing. The method is also gaining popularity and is increasingly being used by firms in recruiting and selecting new hires. b. AUTOMATED TELEPHONE INTERVIEWING/INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE (IVR) The use of interactive voice response (IVR) which also referred to as automated telephone interviewing is one of the newest ways to recruiting and selecting new hires (Thompson et.al 2008). IVR technology allows for human interaction with the computer via a telephone keypad or through the use of voice recognition (Thompson et.al 2008). This wave of technology is increasingly gaining popularity in the recruitment and selection of employees due to its many advantages. ADVANTAGES OF THE IVR IVR is an easily accessible technology. Take for example the United States where 95% of the households own phones (Thompson et.al 2008). With IVR, applicants can initiate the interview at any time. The applicants or potential employees can initiate an interview by simply making a phone call to a toll-free phone number and be automatically interviewed without any intervention from the operator (Thompson et.al 2008). IVR or rather automated telephone interviewing can help in eliminating interview biases (Thompson al 2008). It is highly cost effective in screening the candidate pool. DISADVANTAGES OF USING IVR While IVR is increasingly being used by many businesses to cut on the costs and give a better experience, it is not without its shortcomings. One of the greatest challenges to using IVR systems in recruitment and selection of employees is that the users find it hard to follow telephone menus and lengthy instructions (Thompson et.al 2008). Also, IVR screening is considered lower in terms of treatment and openness as well as in reconsideration opportunities than the conventional face to face interviewing (Thompson al 2008).. c. TELECONFERENCING AND VIDEO CONFERENCING There is also the use of telephone and video conferencing. Teleconferencing involves setting up of a conference telephone call between the selection committee and potential candidates (Gilliland 1993). Job interviews by teleconferencing are common where the applicant and the selection committee are located in geographically sparse regions. Video conferencing, on the other hand, involves the combination of both the audio and video transmissions, hence allowing for communication to take place by a way of an audio visual link (AVL) (Gilliland 1993). With video conferencing, both the applicant and selection committee members are able to share their views and at the same time see each other on the screen. BENEFITS OF VIDEO CONFERENCING Despite reducing the in-person meetings, video teleconferencing as well offer the advantages of face to face communication (Gilliland 1993). There is also significant cost reduction for both the applicant and the employer as there is no need of travelling and associated costs of lodging and meals (Gilliland 1993). There is also the added environmental benefit as a reduction in traveling implies a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (Gilliland 1993). Further, upon placement this technology allows for the continued collaboration with the team members from remote locations (Gilliland 1993). CHALLENGES OF VIDEO CONFERENCING Similar to other technological innovations, video conferencing is not without its shortcomings. There might be a difference in time zones when conferencing in remote geographical locations (Gilliland 1993). Also, some of the human ways to communicating may not translate well with video conferencing (Gilliland 1993). For example, eye contact may not be easily delivered through a webcam, unlike in the conventional face-to-face interviewing where one can easily make eye contact and judge whether the interviewee is paying due attention. Last but not least, we explore on how computer based testing has impacted on recruitment and selection process. d. COMPUTER BASED TESTING The use of computer based interviews has increased in the recent years with a wide range of organizations utilizing computer-based online tests for selection purposes (Aptitude/psychometric tests) (Chapman Webster, 2003). There are several reasons for increased reliance on psychometric tests in the recruitment and selection of employees. Key among these is the increased regulation and legislation, and loss of confidence in academic qualifications (Chapman Webster, 2003). INCREASED REGULATION AND LEGISLATION Reliance on test use in the selection process has been used as a defensive strategy to regulation and legislation (Chapman Webster, 2003). Tests are seen as objective indicators of how the skills of potential candidates align with the job description (Chapman Webster, 2003). These competency tests promote fairness and equal access to opportunities available. LOSS OF CONFIDENCE IN ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS There is a growing body of evidence for a loss of confidence with the formal academic qualifications. This is largely attributed to bad governance and corrupt institutions that may award degrees or certificates to incompetent individuals. As such, competency based tests are increasingly being used in screening the candidate pool and in identifying candidates with skills that align with the â€Å"competency profile† for the job in question (Chapman Webster, 2003). Computer based testing facilitates the selection process by quickly pinpointing the candidates ability more accurately (Chapman Webster, 2003). Take for example the BULATS online test, a robust business English language test, which is widely used in helping organizations make timely decisions in the recruitment process (Chapman Webster, 2003). This online test provides a fast and more accurate method of pinpointing the candidates’ ability and suitability to work by using adaptive testing techniques (Chapman Webster, 2003). CONCLUSION Clearly, we have identified a number of benefits to using technology for purposes of recruiting and selecting job applicants. A quick recap of some of the benefits include increased efficiency in the administration and scoring of tests, increased flexibility, greater transparency, reduction in biases, widened access to a diverse geographical pool of potential candidates, and cost reduction among others. There are however challenges arising with the use of technological advances in recruitment and selection process. For example, the exercise may be time consuming as a large number of applicants need to be screened. Other shortcomings include poor results due to inadequate software and procedures, and difficulties in filtering of potential candidates, among others. Nonetheless, the latest advances in technology have significantly impacted on recruitment and selection process. As pointed out by Kay (2000), the power of the Web and e-technology has changed the way recruitment and selections of employees occur. Technological advancements and the ubiquity of the internet (especially with social networking) have become powerful additions to the process of recruitment and selection. However, these should not be considered as the only solutions to finding the ideal candidate. While changes are still underway, it is clear that advances in technology have dramatically impacted on the recruitment and selection process. REFERENCES Bauer, et.al, 2004. â€Å"Applicant reactions to different selection technology: face-to-face, interactive voice response and computer-assisted telephone screening interviews†, International Journal of selection and assessment, Portland State University: Blackwell publishing ltd. Baron, H., J. Austin, 2000. Measuring ability via the Internet: Opportunities and issues. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, New Orleans, LA. Chapman, D.S., J. Webster, 2003. â€Å"The use of technologies in recruiting, screening and selection processes for job candidates†, International journal of selection and assessment, Vol.11 (2), pp. 113-120 Gilliland, S.W, 1993. â€Å"The perceived fairness of selection systems: an organizational justice perspective†, Academy of management review, 18, pp.694-734 Harris, M., and K. Dewar, 2000. Understanding and using web-based recruiting and screening tools: key criteria, current trends and future directions. Workshop presented at annual meeting of the society for industrial and organizational psychology, San Diego, CA. Kay, A. S., 2000. â€Å"Recruiters embrace the Internet.† Informationweek: pp.72-80. Lievens, F., K. Van Dam and N. Anderson, 2002. â€Å"Recent Trends and Challenges in Personnel Selection†. Personnel Review, 31 (5-6), 580-601 Lievens, F., M.M. Harris, 2003. â€Å"Research on Internet Recruiting and Testing: Current Status and Future Directions†. In: C.L. Cooper I.T. Robertson (Eds.) International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicester: John Wiley Sons, Ltd. vol. 16., pp. 131-165. Neil, A., 2003. â€Å"Applicant and recruiter reactions to new technology in selection: a critical review and agenda for future research†, International journal of selection and assessment, Vol. 11 (2) Thompson, L. F., P.W. Braddy, and K.L. Wuensch, 2008. E-Recruitment and the Benefits of Organizational Web Appeal. Computers in Human Behavior, 24 (5), 2384-2398. Tourangeau, R., D.M. Steiger D.Wilson, 2002. â€Å"Self-administered questions by telephone: evaluating interactive voice response†, public opinion quarerly, 6, pp.265-278 Van Hoye, G. and F. Lievens, 2007. â€Å"Investigating Web-Based Recruitment Sources: Employee Testimonials versus Word-of-Mouse†. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 15 (4), 372-382. How to cite Impact Of The Latest Advances In Technology On Recruitment And Selection, Essay examples

Performance Evaluation free essay sample

In the given example, the company’s current evaluation form is inadequate and does not provide a complete picture of employee’s performance. The current evaluation method only focuses on personal characteristics of the employee being evaluated. Another problem with the current method is that only the plant manager evaluates the employee, without getting input from the individual being evaluated or anyone else. Furthermore the evaluation method currently being used focuses on perceptions and does not evaluate performance materials that can be easily measured, therefore creating a subjective evaluation. A performance evaluation should focus on three generally accepted sets of criteria. Individual Tasks Outcomes, which measure the quantity and quality of the employees work. For this criterion, in the given example, the engineer would be rated on how successful the changes he implemented were, and how well his actual projects finished. In addition to task outcomes, employee behavior should be a separate category that an employee is evaluated in. We will write a custom essay sample on Performance Evaluation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the example, the engineer would be rated on his attention to detail, submission of paperwork, suggestions for improvement, and how much of a team player he is. Lastly an employee should be rated on his traits, which includes his personal attitude, display of confidence, dependability and knowledge. By evaluating the engineer on things such as friendliness, neatness of workspace and attitude the company is focusing too much on the employees’ traits which should be the least important of the three criteria an employee is evaluated on. Instead the company should primarily focus on the individual task outcomes as this affects the productivity and net profits of the company. Employee behavior is also an important area to evaluate since behaviors can either encourage or hinder other employees work performance. Although it is important to recognize and evaluate personal traits, this should be the least weighted category as individual traits are the least likely to affect actual work performance. A 360 degree approach to performance evaluations involves supervisors, peers, subordinates and sometime clients in the evaluation process. By including all of these different individuals an employer can get a complete picture of an employees work performance. A supervisor typically knows and understands the job responsibilities and expectations of the employee and can rate him based upon the actual performance. Peers work directly with one another and may share some of the same responsibilities and tasks. A peer is able to evaluate an employee on day to day duties, how well one works with others, and general performance. Subordinates can provide feedback on a variety of topics such as communication skills, support, knowledge of duties, and other behaviors and traits. Some disadvantages do occur when involving supervisors, peers and subordinates. With so many people involved it may be difficult to find the correct individuals to perform responsible evaluations, which causes more time to be spent in the selection and training process. Another downfall is that each individual has a different relationship with the person being evaluated; therefore leading to differences in opinions that must be filtered through before a final rating is achieved. There are many different methods to analyze performance data once it has been collected. The most common methods include written essays, critical incidents and graphic rating scales. A written essay is the most basic form of analyzing data, once the data is gathered from all sources the evaluator highlights the most important details of the data including positive and negative aspects of the employee’s performance as well as suggestions for improvements. This success of this method is highly dependent on the evaluators writing skills. It does provide for a less formal and possibly less threating way to provide feedback to an employee than the critical incident method, in which the evaluator focuses on behaviors that distinguish between effective and ineffective work performance. By using critical incidents evaluators focus on specific actions and behaviors that effect job responsibilities and performance. The critical incident method provides more specific job related performance evaluation than a written essay but still does not give a complete picture of the employee’ performance. A graphic rating scale is one of the more popular methods of evaluation because is rates employees in various aspects of job performance. A scale can be developed to rate different criteria such as individual task outcomes, employee behaviors and traits. This method allows for employers to quantify an employees’ performance and base results on objective details. Although the graphic rating scale does provide a complete picture of an employees’ performance it does provide for as much detailed feedback as a written essay or even critical incidents. Some employers are moving to another method of providing feedback called behaviorally anchored rating scales, which combines the general rating scale and critical incident methods, therefore allowing employers to focus on specific behaviors and provide feedback on job-related performance. There are many different reasons that factual evaluations are difficult to obtain. Evaluators may overrate an employee in an attempt to please the employee, out of fear of retaliation or just because they like the person, such inflation is considered positive leniency. The opposite, negative leniency, occurs when evaluators underrate an employee to punish the employee for a personal difference, to make the employee look bad in order to make themselves appear better, or because they just don’t like the person. The Halo error occurs when an evaluator basis their assessment on one specific action or characteristic. To help obtain more accurate evaluations, a company can employ the following protections against these biases and errors. First, use multiple evaluators so that more accurate information can be obtained. Be selective in the evaluators chosen, ensure they have knowledge of the employees’ performance and work responsibilities. Finally, train the evaluators, so that they understand what is expected and how to avoid using personal judgments in their ratings. In order for the given company to improve their performance evaluations, the company should consider using a 360 degree performance review. In doing so supervisors, peers, and subordinates should all be chosen to participate in the review of a given employee. All evaluators should be trained on how to properly evaluate an employee, and be made aware of any biases that may influence their evaluations. Strict criteria should be used in the selection process of evaluators to ensure that evaluators have proper knowledge of the employee and his responsibilities, as well as to ensure that all evaluation criteria are observed. By using this approach the company can objectively evaluate employees and improve employee morale, productivity and performance.

Population Estimation Essays - Environmental Statistics,

Population Estimation Population estimation Introduction Estimates of population size play a vital role in many fisheries management decisions. The numbers of fish in a stock are used to identify influences of environmental factors, human exploitation, and ultimately to identify the effectiveness of management strategies. (Van Den Avyle & Hayward 1999) The three most common methods of population estimation among biologist are sample plots, mark and recapture, and removal. Counts on sample plots is based on the principle that an estimate of population size can be obtained by determining the average density of animals per unit area and multiplying its value by the total area covered by the population. This procedure is done by setting up a pre-determined number of circular, square, or rectangular plots. These plots should be randomly placed and should not over lap. This method is used when all members of the target population can be counted with reasonable certainty(Van Der Avyle & Hayward 1999). The formula used with this method is: Where A is the size of the study area, a is the size of the plot, and n is the average number of animals counted per sample plot (Van Der Avyle & Hayward 1999). The mark and recapture method is simply preformed by collecting fish, marking them, releasing them, and at a later time collecting fish from the same area and examining them for marks. This is based on the principle that the number of marked fish in the second sample is proportional to the total number of fish in the population. This is called the Peterson method and the equation is as follows: Where M is the number of fish initially marked and released, C is the number of fish collected, and R is the number of recaptures (Van Der Avyle so several modifications have been made to correct this. One being Bailey's modification which is used when sampling during the recapture period is conducted with replacement. The Chapman method is used if replacement is not taking place. The differences in these three methods would be of little significance if the recapture number exceeds 7 (Van Der Avyle & Hayward). All three of these variations are based on the assumptions that: 1. Marked fish don't lose their marks. 2. Marked fish are not over looked in the recapture sample. 3. Marked and unmarked fish are equally vulnerable to recapture. 4. Marked and unmarked fish have equal mortality. 5. Following release marked and unmarked fish become randomly mixed. 6. There are no additions to the population during the study. If any of these conditions are not met over estimation will most likely occur (Van Der Avyle & Hayward 1999). The third and final method of population estimation is the removal method. This is based on the idea that the number of fish caught per unit of effort will progressively decline as members of the population are removed. The population can be estimated from data on fishing effort and catch rates. The assumptions with this method are: 1. All members of the target population are equally vulnerable to capture. 2. Vulnerability to capture is constant over time. 3. There are no additions to the population or losses other than the removal itself (Van Der Avyle & Hayward). The Leslie and DeLury methods are used in cases when sampling effort my vary among periods. They are used on large populations where the probability of catching an individual fish is low (Kohler 138). The Leslie method assumes that the number of fish caught per unit effort is proportional to the number of fish present at the beginning of the interval. The DeLury method differs in tha t the population estimate is based on total effort rather than cumulative data. The Zippin method is used where the catchability is high and equal effort is expended in each sample period. This is most commonly used in small mountain streams in conjunction with electrofishing as the removal method. Materials & Methods On September 13, 2000 we went to Mull Creek. We set up two stop nets spanning 75m one upstream and one downstream to keep the population contained. We made three runs with electrofishing

AP English Essay - Sample Synthesis Essay

AP English Essay - Sample Synthesis EssayIf you are taking AP English, the English sample essay is a great way to help you get used to how the professor works and feels like. However, some people make the mistake of not fully understanding the purpose of writing an essay before they begin.The point of an AP English writing sample is for the student to understand what kinds of topics will be covered in class and how to structure a sentence. The sentence should follow a pattern and always be complete with the correct punctuation. It's not good to skim over the essay and skip the paragraphs that are important.In many cases, students may spend a lot of time trying to write their own essay. They'll spend hours thinking about what to write and on how to structure the essay. They'll need to stay focused on doing things properly. This can be difficult, especially if the student has been practicing writing essays.Because of this, it's really important that students try to write an essay befor e they even enter college. Otherwise, the composition section could become a real disaster. A written essay is a great way to test out your ability to write well in a classroom setting.Remember, there is no set format when it comes to AP English writing sample essays. You are not required to use a certain style or structure when writing your essay. It's all up to you but remember that you don't have to do a thorough job or present yourself as a professional.It's also a good idea to create a document for yourself so that you can see your own strengths and weaknesses. Analyze what's working for you and what isn't. Write down the things that you like and don't like about your essay.After writing the essay, take the time to read the writing sample. This will help you pinpoint any problems that you may have. Some students make the mistake of rewriting and re-writing parts of the essay. In many cases, this leads to additional time spent rewriting.By getting used to how professors do thing s, you'll be better able to handle writing more complicated AP English is writing samples. Writing an essay before you enter college is an important part of your college education. Make sure you're doing the best job possible so that you will be successful when you go back to school.

The Arachnid Arthropods

The Arachnid Arthropods Arachnids (Arachnida) are a group of arthropods that include spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions and harvestmen. Scientists estimate that there are more than 100,000 species of arachnids alive today. Arachnids have two main body segments (the cephalothorax and the abdomen) and four pairs of jointed legs. By contrast, insects have three main body segments and three pairs of legs- making them easily distinguishable from arachnids. Arachnids also differ from insects in that they lack wings and antennae. It should be noted that in some groups of arachnids such as mites and hooded tickspiders, the larval stages have only three pairs of legs and fourth leg pair appears after they develop into nymphs. Arachnids have an exoskeleton that must be shed periodically for the animal to grow. Arachnids also have an internal structure called an endosternite that is composed of a cartilage-like material and provides a structure for muscle attachment. In addition to their four pairs of legs, arachnids also have two additional pairs of appendages that they use for a variety of purposes such as feeding, defense, locomotion, reproduction or sensory perception. These pairs of appendages include the chelicerae and the pedipalps. Most species of arachnids are terrestrial although some groups (especially ticks and mites) live in aquatic freshwater or marine environments. Arachnids have numerous adaptations for a terrestrial lifestyle. Their respiratory system is advanced although it varies among the different arachnid groups. Generally, it consists of tracheae, book lung and vascular lamellae that enable efficient gas exchange. Arachnids reproduce via internal fertilization (another adaptation to life on land) and have very efficient excretory systems that enable them to conserve water. Arachnids have various types of blood depending on their particular method of respiration. Some arachnids have blood that contains hemocyanin (similar in function to the hemoglobin molecule of vertebrates, but copper-based instead of iron-based). Arachnids have a stomach and numerous diverticula that enable them to absorb nutrients from their food. A nitrogenous waste (called guanine) is excreted from the anus at the back of the abdomen. Most arachnids feed on insects and other small invertebrates. Arachnids kill their prey using their chelicerae and pedipalps (some species of arachnids are venomous as well, and subdue their prey by injecting them with venom). Since arachnids have small mouths, the saturate their prey in digestive enzymes, and when the prey liquifies, the arachnid drinks its prey. Classification: Animals Invertebrates Arthropods Chelicerates Arachnids Arachnids are classified into about a dozen subgroups, some of which are not widely known. Some of the better-known arachnid groups include: True spiders (Araneae): There are about 40,000 species of true spiders alive today, making the Araneae the most species-rich of all arachnid groups. Spiders are known for their ability to produce silk from spinneret glands located at the base of their abdomen.Harvestmen or daddy-long-legs (Opiliones): There are about 6,300 species of harvestmen (also known as daddy-long-legs) alive today. Members of this group have very long legs, and their abdomen and cephalothorax are almost completely fused.Ticks and mites  (Acarina): There are about 30,000 species of ticks and mites alive today. Most members of this group are very small, although a few species can grow to as much as 20mm in length.Scorpions (Scorpiones): There are about 2000 species of scorpions alive today. Members of this group are easily recognized by their segmented tail that bears a venom-filled telson (sting) at the end.

U.S.-Japanese Foreign Policies Before World War II

U.S.-Japanese Foreign Policies Before World War II On December 7, 1941, nearly 90 years of American-Japanese diplomatic relations spiraled into World War II in the Pacific. That diplomatic collapse is the story of how the foreign policies of the two nations forced each other into war. History U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry opened American trade relations with Japan in 1854. President Theodore Roosevelt brokered a 1905 peace treaty in the Russo-Japanese War that was favorable to Japan, and the two had signed a Commerce and Navigation Treaty in 1911. Japan had also sided with the U.S., Great Britain, and France during World War I. During that time, Japan also embarked on an empire that it modeled greatly after the British Empire. Japan made no secret that it wanted economic control of the Asia-Pacific region. By 1931, however, U.S.-Japanese relations had soured. Japans civilian government, unable to cope with the strains of the global Great Depression, had given way to a militarist government. The new regime was prepared to strengthen Japan by forcibly annexing areas in the Asia-Pacific, and it started with China. Japan Attacks China Also in 1931, the Japanese army launched attacks on Manchuria, quickly subduing it. Japan announced that it had annexed Manchuria and renamed it Manchukuo. The U.S. refused to diplomatically acknowledge the addition of Manchuria to Japan, and Secretary of State Henry Stimson said as much in the so-called Stimson Doctrine. That response, however, was only diplomatic. The U.S. threatened no military or economic retaliation. In truth, the United States did not want to disrupt its lucrative trade with Japan. In addition to a variety of consumer goods, the U.S. supplied resource-poor Japan with most of its scrap iron and steel. Most importantly, it sold Japan 80% of its oil. In a series of naval treaties in the 1920s, the United States and Great Britain had endeavored to limit the size of Japans naval fleet. However, they had made no attempt to cut off Japans supply of oil. When Japan renewed aggression against China, it did so with American oil. In 1937, Japan began a full-blown war with China, attacking near Peking (now Beijing) and Nanking. Japanese troops killed not only Chinese soldiers, but women and children as well. The so-called Rape of Nanking shocked Americans with its disregard for human rights. American Responses In 1935 and 1936, the United States Congress had passed Neutrality Acts to prohibit the U.S. from selling goods to countries at war. The acts were ostensibly to protect the U.S. from falling into another war like World War I. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the acts, although he did not like them because they prohibited the U.S. from helping allies in need. Still, the acts were not active unless Roosevelt invoked them, which he did not do in the case of Japan and China. He favored China in the crisis, and by not invoking the 1936 act he could still shuttle aid to the Chinese. Not until 1939, however, did the United States begin to directly challenge continued Japanese aggression in China. That year the U.S. announced it was pulling out of the 1911 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with Japan, signaling a coming end to trade with the empire. Japan continued its campaign through China, and in 1940 Roosevelt declared a partial embargo of U.S. shipments of oil, gasoline, and metals to Japan. That move forced Japan to consider drastic options. It had no intention of ceasing its imperial conquests, and it was poised to move into French Indochina. With a total American resource embargo likely, Japanese militarists began looking at the oil fields of the Dutch East Indies as possible replacements for American oil. That presented a military challenge, though, because the American-controlled Philippines and the American Pacific Fleet based at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, were between Japan and the Dutch possessions. In July 1941, the United States completely embargoed resources to Japan, and it froze all Japanese assets in American entities. The American policies forced Japan to the wall. With the approval of Japanese Emperor Hirohito, the Japanese Navy began planning to attack Pearl Harbor, the Philippines, and other bases in the Pacific in early December to open the route to the Dutch East Indies. Ultimatum: The Hull Note The Japanese kept diplomatic lines open with the United States on the off-chance they could negotiate an end to the embargo. Any hope of that vanished on November 26, 1941, when U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull handed Japanese ambassadors in Washington D.C. what has come to be known as the Hull Note. The note said that the only way for the U.S. to remove the resource embargo was for Japan to: Remove all troops from China.Remove all troops from Indochina.End the alliance it had signed with Germany and Italy the previous year. Japan could not accept the conditions. By the time Hull delivered his note to the Japanese diplomats, imperial armadas were already sailing for Hawaii and the Philippines. World War II in the Pacific was only days away.

Life in the U.S Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Life in the U.S - Essay Example Despite the current law enforcement strategies and awareness programs, the issue has turned to be a serious behavioral problem among adolescents. As per the findings of Holm et al (27), 80% of all smokers in the United States begin smoking even before the age of 18. With increased threat to health and personal integrity, the prohibition of teenage smoking has become the most essential legal concern. In the United States, there is no unified regulation on this issue and the minimum age restriction varies from state to state. Although ‘18’ is generally accepted as the minimum age, the decision is subjected to the discretion of states. According to the statistics of National Cancer Institute, tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable illness and death in the United States. The illness includes cancers of the throat, mouth, nasal cavity, stomach, kidney etc. The study also says that â€Å"smokers are six times more likely to suffer heart attack than non-smokers† and ‘in 2009 around 20.6 percent of U.S. adults were cigarette smokers’ (National Cancer Institute). Works Cited Holm, Nancy. Holm, Jeffrey et al. â€Å"Youth Tobacco Use Prevention Programs†. Adolescent Smoking and Health Research (Ed. Lapointe, Martin). US: Nova Publishers, 2008. Print. â€Å"Smoking†.